Professor Elisa Laurenti

Elisa Laurenti

Professor Elisa Laurenti

Human haematopoietic stem cells biology in health and disease

Email: el422@cam.ac.uk     |     Departmental Affiliation: Haematology

Research

Plain English: Every day a trillion blood cells are produced in our body. This amazing turnover is achieved thanks to blood stem cells. These cells have the unique capacity to produce all blood cells in healthy individuals but also after injury or infection. Their function is vital, because if impaired, either blood production fails or cancer arises. The Laurenti laboratory thus focuses on these 2 important questions:

  • How are human blood stem cells different from other blood cell types?
  • What is the impact of age and disease on human blood stem cell function? For this they measure human blood stem cell responses to a number of signals, compare them to other blood cells and identify specific genes that regulate their behaviour. We also study what goes wrong in blood stem cells when there is inflammation, in the elderly and during the early stages of cancer development. Understanding how blood formation occurs in humans in all of these contexts will help design new therapies against a range of diseases.　

Research Focus: The human body makes one trillion blood cells per day. These include red blood cells, platelets and immune cells, which all provide vital physiological functions. Rare blood stem cells, also called haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for life-long blood production. Their function must be tightly regulated to continuously produce blood in accordance with the demands of our organism throughout our lifespan, while also ensuring recovery from infections and injuries. HSC are very different from all other blood cell types and have unique functional properties, such as their infrequent division and their capacity to give rise to all blood cell types. The Laurenti laboratory aims to understand blood formation throughout a human lifetime. The lab studies human HSC and progenitor cells using single cell biology techniques: functional single cell assays and single cell -omics technologies. The lab is currently investigating the unique molecular and functional properties of human HSC and progenitors across the human lifespan with a particular focus on ageing.

Another area of interest is the study of HSCs’ cellular and molecular responses to stress, with the goal to improve HSC ex vivo expansion and gene therapy protocols.

Understanding how the cellular and molecular composition of the HSC/ progenitor compartment changes in stress conditions and throughout a human lifetime has important implications for regenerative medicine and treatment of blood cancers.

    Laurenti research 2020

    Left: image of different blood cell types originated from a single human haematopoietic stem cell in vitro (credit: Aditi Vedi); Right: the transcriptional landscape of the human haematopoietic hierarchy, derived from single cell transcriptomics (credit: Hugo Bastos, Nicole Mende).

      Laurenti lab group image

      Laurenti Group photo

      Key Publications

      * Equal contribution by these authors